Effects of resistance training on heat shock response (HSR), HSP70 expression, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism in middle-aged people

Resistance training (RT) can increase the heat shock response (HSR) in the elderly. As middle-aged subjects already suffer physiological declines related to aging, it is hypothesized that RT may increase the HSR in these people. To assess the effects of resistance training on heat shock response, intra and extracellular HSP70, oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and metabolism in middle-aged subjects. Sixteen volunteers (40 – 59 years) were allocated to two groups: the trained group (n = 7), which performed 12 weeks of RT; and the physically inactive—control group (n = 9), which did not perform any type of exercise. The RT program consisted of 9 whole-body exercises (using standard gym equipment) and functional exercises, carried out 3 times/week. Before and after the intervention, body composition, muscle mass, strength, functional capacity, and blood sample measurements (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, oxidative damage, TNF-α, the HSR, HSP70 expression in leukocytes, and HSP72 in plasma) were performed. The HSR analysis demonstrated that this response is maintained at normal levels in middle-aged people and that RT did not cause any improvement. Also, RT increases muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity. Despite no additional changes of RT on the antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reductase) or inflammation, lipid peroxidation was diminished by RT (group x time interaction, p = 0.009), indicating that other antioxidant defenses may be improved after RT. HSR is preserved in middle-aged subjects without metabolic complications. In addition, RT reduces lipid peroxidation and can retard muscle mass and strength loss related to the aging process. (AU)

Effects of resistance training on heat shock response (HSR), HSP70 expression, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolism in middle-aged people

Resistance training (RT) can increase the heat shock response (HSR) in the elderly. As middle-aged subjects already suffer physiological declines related to aging, it is hypothesized that RT may increase the HSR in these people. To assess the effects of resistance training on heat shock response, intra and extracellular HSP70, oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and metabolism in middle-aged subjects. Sixteen volunteers (40 – 59 years) were allocated to two groups: the trained group (n = 7), which performed 12 weeks of RT; and the physically inactive—control group (n = 9), which did not perform any type of exercise. The RT program consisted of 9 whole-body exercises (using standard gym equipment) and functional exercises, carried out 3 times/week. Before and after the intervention, body composition, muscle mass, strength, functional capacity, and blood sample measurements (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, oxidative damage, TNF-α, the HSR, HSP70 expression in leukocytes, and HSP72 in plasma) were performed. The HSR analysis demonstrated that this response is maintained at normal levels in middle-aged people and that RT did not cause any improvement. Also, RT increases muscle mass, strength, and functional capacity. Despite no additional changes of RT on the antioxidant defenses (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reductase) or inflammation, lipid peroxidation was diminished by RT (group x time interaction, p = 0.009), indicating that other antioxidant defenses may be improved after RT. HSR is preserved in middle-aged subjects without metabolic complications. In addition, RT reduces lipid peroxidation and can retard muscle mass and strength loss related to the aging process. (AU)

Revisão bibliográfica sobre espécies do genero Podophyllum / Bibliographic review on the species of the Podophyllum genus

As espécies Podophyllum peltatu. L. (ou Podo­phyllum callicarpu. Rafin), nativa da America do Norte, Podophyllum emod. Wall. (ou Podophyllum hexan­dru. Royle), nativa de alguns pontos da Ásia e Podophyllum emod. Wall. var. Chinensi. Sprague,do Extremo Oriente, da família das Berberidacea. tem sido exaustivamente estudadas por causa dos múltiplas propriedades e ações farmacológicas importantes e intensas de raízes e rizomas das mesmas. Esses co­nhecimentos levaram ao uso antineoplásico, anti-reumático, imunossupressor e sobre disfunções do aparelho digestivo principalmente. A podofilina, resina extraída de tais drogas, vem sendo utilizada sob a forma de extratos fluidos, balsamos, pomadas compostas com outros fármacos e soluções aquosas de alguns glicosideos podofiloderivados. Os principais componentes ativos da podofilina detectados até então foram a podofilotoxona (encontrada em maiores proporções é responsável por grande parte dos efeitos das dro­gas do gênero), α- e β-peltatinas, podofilotoxona, isopicropodofilona, desox-ipodofilotoxina, desidropofilina, 4'-desmetilpodofilotoxina, 4'desmetilpodofi Zotoxona, 4'-desmetildesoxipodofilotoxina, 4'-desmetilisopicropodofilona e os respectivos a-D-glicosi­deos. Além disso, foi constatada a presença de alca­lóides, compostos nitrogenados, flavonóides, Mg, Mb, Mn, Se e Zn. O levantamento bibliográfico enfoca os estudos relacionando as pesquisas com novos possíveis usos terapêuticos.